Font weights explained (100–900)
Font weights are numerical values ranging from 100 to 900 that define the thickness of a typeface's strokes. While "regular" text often corresponds to a we
Font weights are numerical values ranging from 100 to 900 that define the thickness of a typeface's strokes. While "regular" text often corresponds to a weight of 400, this isn't a strict rule, and understanding these numbers can help you choose the right font for your design needs. This guide explains what these numeric weights mean, why "regular" isn't always 400, and how to decide how many weights you really
- Font weights are numbered from 100 to 900, with 400 typically being "regular."
- Not all fonts have every weight; some may skip certain numbers or offer only a few options.
- The x-height and contrast of a font can affect how different weights appear.
- Choosing the right number of weights depends on your project's complexity and the desired visual hierarchy.
- Free, open-licensed fonts like Inter , Source Sans 3 , and Merriweather offer a variety of weights for different design needs.
What do the numbers mean?
Font weights are categorized using a numerical system from 100 to 900, with each number representing a different level of thickness. The number 400 is generally considered the “regular” weight, but this can vary depending on the font. For example, in the Inter font family, the weight labeled as “Regular” is indeed 400, but in Merriweather, the “Regular” weight is 300. It’s important to check the specific weights available in each font family to ensure you’re using the correct one for your design.
- 100–200: Thin or Hairline weights, which are very light and subtle.
- 300–400: Light to Regular weights, suitable for body text.
- 500–600: Medium to Semi-bold weights, providing more emphasis.
- 700–800: Bold to Extra Bold weights, for strong emphasis.
- 900: Black or Heavy weights, for maximum impact.
Why isn’t “regular” always 400?
The designation of “regular” as 400 is a convention, but it’s not a hard-and-fast rule. Some fonts, like Fraunces, may have a “Regular” weight that is actually labeled as 300 or 500. This discrepancy can be due to the designer’s preference or the font’s intended use. Always refer to the font’s documentation or specimen sheet to confirm the actual weight values.
How many weights do you really need?
The number of weights you need depends on the complexity of your project and the desired visual hierarchy. For simple projects, two or three weights might suffice. For more complex designs, such as editorial layouts or branding, a wider range of weights can help create a more dynamic and readable composition.
- Simple projects: Consider using fonts like Source Sans 3, which offers Regular, Bold, and Italic variants.
- Moderate complexity: Fonts like Inter offer a range of weights from Thin to Black, allowing for more nuanced typography.
- High complexity: For projects requiring extensive typographic control, fonts like Merriweather with weights from Light to Black can be beneficial.
Choosing the right font for your project
Selecting the right font involves considering the x-height, contrast, and the availability of different weights. Here are some recommendations:
- High x-height, low contrast: Fonts like IBM Plex Sans are versatile and work well in both print and digital formats.
- Moderate x-height, high contrast: Playfair Display is excellent for headings and titles, offering a range of weights from Regular to Black.
- Low x-height, moderate contrast: Libre Franklin offers a clean and modern look, with weights from Thin to Black.
Fonts with a wide range of weights
Some fonts offer a comprehensive range of weights, making them ideal for projects requiring extensive typographic control. Here are a few examples:
- Inter: Available in weights from Thin to Black, with matching italics. Ideal for web and app design.
- Source Sans 3: Offers Regular, Bold, and Italic variants, with a clean and modern aesthetic.
- Merriweather: Ranges from Light to Black, with matching italics. Excellent for body text and editorial work.
- Fraunces: Offers a unique blend of traditional and modern, with weights from Thin to Black.
- Libre Franklin: A versatile sans-serif with weights from Thin to Black, suitable for various design applications.
Fonts with a limited range of weights
Some fonts offer fewer weights but are still highly effective for specific purposes. Here are a few examples:
- Playfair Display: Available in Regular, Bold, and Italic variants. Perfect for headings and display text.
- Fraunces: While it offers a range of weights, its unique design makes it stand out for display purposes.
- IBM Plex Sans: Offers Regular, Bold, and Italic variants, with a clean and modern look.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between font weight and font style?
Font weight refers to the thickness of the strokes, while font style refers to variations like italics or obliques. For example, a font might have a “Bold” weight and an “Italic” style, which can be combined for a “Bold Italic” variant.
Can I use different weights of the same font in one project?
Yes, using different weights of the same font can help create a cohesive and visually appealing design. It is often recommended to use a font family that offers a range of weights to maintain consistency.
Are there any free fonts with a wide range of weights?
Yes, several free fonts like Inter, Source Sans 3, and Merriweather offer a wide range of weights and are available under the SIL Open Font License or through Google Fonts.
How do I know which weight to use for body text?
For body text, it’s generally best to use a weight that is easy to read, such as Regular or Light. However, the specific weight can depend on the font and the context in which it is used. Testing different weights in your design can help you find the most readable option.